Commonly, there are three different types of hot stamping machine, depending on the type of operation.

These are:

Flat-flat
Round-flat, and
Round-round
Flat-flat Foil Stamping Machines:
The foil dies are either attached to a honeycomb-shaped plate for variable positioning, or on a flat metal plate if the positions are fixed. The medium and the foil are brought in between the plate and a counter plate that is fixed under it.

In the case of embossed foiling, the lower plate consists of projections to form the embossed design when the plates are pressed together.

The main advantage of flat foil stamping is that it is easy to set up and the tools and parts for it are easily available in the market.

Round-flat Foil Stamping Machines:
Round-flat foil stamping machines have a rotating cylinder in place of the stationary flat counter plate present in the flat-flat foil stamping machine.

Pressure is applied horizontally across the rotating cylinder and the foil is thus pressed against the medium, transferring the foil design onto it.

The advantage of this type of foil stamping machine is that they are a perfect solution for smaller jobs with few pieces.

Round-round Foil Stamping Machines:
These machines work on a similar principle as printing presses. Both the sides of the machine have rotating cylinders that rotate in opposite directions. The foil, as well as the medium, are brought together between the two cylinders, and the cylinders are pressed together to apply pressure.

This type of foil stamping machine can rotate to very high speeds and can be used for very intricate designs. It is perfect for producing highly complex foiling effects on the medium.

What are The Two Types of Foil Stamping Methods?
The two main types of hot foil stamping methods in use today are the traditional hot stamp method and the digital foil printing method.

Traditional Hot Foiling:
In the traditional foiling process, the design to be stamped is first engraved or etched into a metallic plate (known as a foiling die or die cut).

Using heat and pressure in the foil printing machine, the design is then transferred onto the print surface (the surface that needs to be foiled), from the die.

The hot foiling process
The hot foiling process
In case there is more than one coloured design that needs to be foiled, separate metal dies need to be prepared for each colour. The dies are then applied to the medium one by one in order to achieve the final result.

For embossed designs, a special effects foil die needs to be prepared that can produce that sort of effect on the medium.

Digital Hot Foiling:
A digital hot foiling printing machine is similar to a traditional hot foiling machine in their outward appearance. However, the difference between them lies in the way the foil is attached to the surface of the medium.

In digital foil stamping, the graphic design is digitally printed onto the medium using a specialised foil that sticks to the medium. There are no dies that are separately prepared in this method.

Digital foiling is very similar to conventional ink printing methods. It does not require multiple runs of the machine in case there is more than one colour or design that needs to be foiled.

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